Blood Sugar Levels
The level of blood sugar in our bodies is crucial to the
health of the body. Most people who know about or have experienced diabetes will be familiar with the terms Blood
Sugar, Blood Glucose level, blood glucose test and many more. But what does this Blood glucose really mean? Why
does it's level need to be controlled? Know more.
What is blood sugar level and what are effects on health?
Blood sugar is the term that refers to the level of
glucose in human body. Glucose is the primary source of energy in our body. It is transported by the blood stream
to the various parts of the body and carried to various cells and tissues. Blood sugar or the level of glucose
should be strictly regulated inside our body to avoid any discrepancies.
The glucose level should be maintained in the body
between 70 to 150 mg/dl. However, the blood glucose level rises just after having meals and is low before taking
meals. If this normal range of blood glucose level is not maintained, it leads to some serious ailments. There can
either of the two cases. Either the blood sugar rises above the normal range that causes hyperglycemia or the blood
glucose level falls below causing hypoglycemia.
Diabetes mellitus is the result of the persistently high
blood sugar level. It is also the most common form of blood sugar discrepancy. This ailment results in many other
long term diseases related to kidney, eye and nerve damage. Hypoglycemia is visible in those whose blood sugar
levels drop too low. It can be potentially fatal condition with symptoms like lethargy, impaired mental
functioning, loss of consciousness and irritability.
How to test blood sugar level?
The increased blood sugar level is considered as
diabetes. Diabetes can be tested and measured by two types of test. The first type of test is the fasting plasma
glucose test. This test is done after a minimum of 8 hours fast. This is mostly done after overnight fast. In this
test, mostly referred as glucose test, the result is positive when the blood sugar level is above 140 mg/dl after
overnight fast. If the result shows positive twice in at least two occasions, then the person is said to be
suffering from diabetes.
The next test is the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In this test the glucose
level in plasma is tested at timed intervals over a period of 3 hours. The person undergoing the test first
needs to be tested at a fasting state of at least 10 hours. After drawing the initial blood sugar the person is
given a highly rich glucose drink. Then the blood is drawn from the person for test after 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2
hours and 3 hours interval. If the blood sugar level is 200 mg/dl or more than that after 2 hours of drinking
that sugar rich drink then the result of the test is positive. During pregnancy, the blood sugar level of the
woman normally decreases. This state is called gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes can also be tested
through OGTT, however the statistics are different. She has gestational diabetes if the fasting plasma glucose
level is 95 mg/dl, a 1-hour glucose level is 180 mg/dl, 2 hour is 155 mg/dl and 3 hour is 140 mg/dl.
Blood sugar level should be regularly tested if you are 25 years old or more. These
tests should be undertaken after every three years even if the test result is normal. You have a chance of
diabetes if you are obese or have a family history or have high blood pressure or cholesterol.
|